Unani Pharmacology: Ilmul Advia

Exhaustive guide to Unani pharmacology (Ilmul Advia) covering the classification of drugs in Unani medicine by their actions (Mizaj — temperament), the four degrees of drug potency, the principles of drug formulation and compounding, the classification of drugs by their origin (plant, animal, mineral), the Unani concepts of drug absorption, metabolism, and elimination, classical Unani pharmacopoeias including the Qarabadeen, and specific Unani formulations including Joshanda (decoction), Khamira (semi-solid confection), Sharbat (syrup), and Majoon (paste).

Unani Medicine: Greco-Arabic Healing Tradition 1 min read
This content is for informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional.

Introduction

Unani pharmacology (Ilmul Advia) is the science of drugs in Unani medicine. It encompasses the identification, classification, preparation, and prescription of drugs. The Unani system classifies drugs by their temperament (Mizaj), which is determined by their effects on the body. The temperament of a drug can be hot, cold, wet, or dry in the first, second, third, or fourth degree.

Classification by Potency

Drugs are classified into four degrees of potency: first degree (mild — most foods), second degree (moderate), third degree (strong), and fourth degree (toxic — used only as poisons or extreme treatments).

Unani Dosage Forms

Joshanda is the decoction of herbs. Khamira is a semi-solid confection used as a tonic and base for various medicines. Sharbat is a medicated syrup. Majoon is a thick paste. Hab (pills), Sufuf (powders), and Raughan (oils) are also used.

Conclusion

Unani pharmacology classifies drugs by their temperament and potency, using a variety of dosage forms to deliver the therapeutic effects of plant, animal, and mineral drugs.