Before we begin: A lipase test measures the level of lipase in your blood. It's used to diagnose acute (sudden) pancreatitis and other disorders of the pancreas. Learn more.
This tutorial walks you through everything you need to know about lipase tests. We explain it in plain language, step by step, so whether you are a student, a patient, or simply curious, you will come away with a solid understanding.
We cover what it is, why it matters, how it is diagnosed, and what you can do about it. Key facts are called out along the way.
What is a lipase test?
A lipase test measures the level of lipase in your blood. Lipase helps your body digest fats. It’s a type of digestive enzyme. An enzyme is a protein that speeds up certain chemical reactions in your body. Most of your lipase is made in your pancreas, an organ located behind the lower part of your stomach. Lipase is also made in your salivary (spit) glands and in your stomach.
It’s normal to have a small amount of lipase in your blood. But if the cells of your pancreas are damaged, they will release larger amounts of lipase. So, high levels of lipase in your blood may mean you have pancreatitis, (an inflamed, swollen pancreas) or another type of pancreatic disease. A lipase tests can help diagnose these conditions and others.
Other names: serum lipase, lipase, LPS
What is it used for?
A lipase test may be used to:
- Help diagnose diseases of the pancreas, especially acute (sudden) pancreatitis
- Check to see if treatment for pancreatic diseases is working
- Help diagnose and monitor chronic diseases that affect the pancreas, including:
- Cystic fibrosis
- Crohn’s disease
- Celiac disease
- Help diagnose injury or blockage of the intestines
- Help diagnose peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum, the tissue that lines the abdominal wall)
- Help diagnose pancreatic cysts
Why do I need a lipase test?
You may need a lipase test if you have symptoms that may be caused by a problem with your pancreas. These include:
- Pain in your abdomen (belly) that may spread to your lower back
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Swollen or tender belly
- Fever
- Fast heartbeat
- Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes
What happens during a lipase test?
Lipase is measured with a blood test. During a blood test, a health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial. You may feel a little sting when the needle goes in or out. This usually takes less than five minutes.
Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test?
You may need to fast (not eat or drink) for 8-12 hours before a lipase blood test.
Certain medicines and supplements can affect your test results. Your provider will let you know if you need to stop taking any medicines before your test. But don’t stop taking any medicines unless your provider tells you to.
Are there any risks to the test?
There is very little risk to having a blood test. You may have slight pain or bruising at the spot where the needle was put in, but most symptoms go away quickly.
What do the results mean?
A very high level of lipase is usually a sign of acute pancreatitis.
Higher than normal levels of lipase may be caused by:
- Diseases of the pancreas, including a blocked duct (tube), or pancreatic cancer
- Chronic kidney disease
- Peptic ulcer
- Gallbladder disease
- Intestinal problems, such as a blocked intestine
- Diabetes
- Salivary (spit) gland disorders, such as infection or cancer
- Alcohol use disorder (AUD)
Low levels of lipase may be a sign of permanent damage to cells in your pancreas that make lipase. This may happen in certain chronic (long-lasting) diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis.
If your lipase levels are not normal, it doesn’t always mean you have a medical condition that needs treatment. Many medicines, including codeine, diuretics (“water pills”), certain cholesterol medicines, and birth control pills can affect your lipase levels.
If you have questions about your lipase test results, talk with your health care provider.
Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results.
Is there anything else I need to know about a lipase test?
A lipase test is commonly used to diagnose pancreatitis. Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic. Acute pancreatitis is a sudden, short-term condition that can usually be cured with treatment. Chronic pancreatitis is a long-lasting condition that gets worse over time. But it can be managed with medicine and lifestyle changes, such as by not drinking alcohol or smoking and being at a healthy weight. In certain cases, your provider may recommend surgery if other treatments don’t help enough.
Also known as: serum lipase, lipase, LPS.
Key Takeaways
Understanding lipase tests is an important part of taking charge of your health. Here is what to remember:
- Know the signs — Recognizing early symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.
- Talk to your provider — If you have concerns or a family history of this condition, bring it up at your next checkup.
- Stay informed — Medical knowledge evolves. Keep learning and asking questions.
- You are not alone — Many people deal with this condition. Support groups and educational resources can help.