Botanical Overview
African Bowstring Hemp (Sansevieria trifasciata) belongs to the Agavaceae family. While not among the most extensively documented medicinal plants, this species has recorded uses that warrant attention from researchers and practitioners. This species belongs to the Agavaceae family, a group of flowering plants.
General Description
It is most commonly known as the snake plant, Saint George’s sword, mother-in-law’s tongue, and viper’s bowstring hemp, among other names. Until 2017, it was known under the synonym Sansevieria trifasciata. This plant is often kept as a houseplant due to its non-demanding maintenance; they can survive with very little water and sun.
Family Context
The Agavaceae family is widely distributed. Notable medicinal members include:
- Century Plant — 17 documented uses
- Tuberose — 17 documented uses
- Mescal — 7 documented uses
- Joshua Tree — 2 documented uses
Geographic Distribution
African Bowstring Hemp has been recorded in 10 countries and territories worldwide, including Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Hong Kong, India, and others.
Traditional Uses
African Bowstring Hemp has been traditionally used for skin and wound care, pain and inflammation, and fever management, among other applications.
Skin and wound care.
- Itch
- Sore
For skin conditions, the fresh or dried plant is applied topically as a poultice, wash, or compress. A strong decoction can be used to clean wounds and sores. The antimicrobial properties help prevent infection while promoting tissue repair.
Pain and inflammation.
- Ache(Head)
For pain and inflammation, preparations are applied both topically as compresses and taken internally. A warm poultice draws blood to the area and promotes healing, while internal preparations address systemic inflammation.
Fever management.
- Fever
- Malaria
Febrifuge preparations are typically administered as hot teas to induce perspiration, which helps the body regulate temperature. The patient is kept warm and encouraged to rest while the herb promotes sweating.
Active Compounds
Phytochemical research has identified 11 compounds in this species, including a diverse array of phytochemical classes (see the Complete Chemical Inventory below for the full list).
The identified compounds include the following categories:
- Sterol: cholesterol-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties
- Saponin: soap-like compounds with immune-modulating activity