Glass tree

Also known as: Tibi

Botanical Overview

Glass tree (Polygala penaea) is a species in the Polygalaceae family. This species belongs to the Polygalaceae family, a group of flowering plants. Although comprehensive ethnobotanical records are limited, phytochemical studies have identified 8 compounds in this species, suggesting potential medicinal value.

Family Context

The Polygalaceae family is widely distributed. Notable medicinal members include:

Geographic Distribution

Glass tree has been recorded in 10 countries and territories worldwide, including Bahamas, Chile, Cuba, DM, Dominican Republic, and others.

Active Compounds

Phytochemical research has identified 8 compounds in this species, including a diverse array of phytochemical classes (see the Complete Chemical Inventory below for the full list).

The identified compounds include the following categories:

  • Terpene: aromatic compounds with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties
  • Sterol: cholesterol-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties
  • Saponin: soap-like compounds with immune-modulating activity

Research Status

Although this species has documented phytochemical constituents, its ethnobotanical and clinical documentation remains incomplete. Further ethnobotanical and pharmacological research may reveal additional therapeutic applications for this species.

ⓘ Information
Information on this page is compiled from Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases (USDA ARS), a public domain resource. Consult a healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.

Distribution and Conservation

Reported distribution: Bahamas, Chile, Cuba, DM, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Russia, British Virgin Islands.

Complete Chemical Inventory

CompoundFormulaMW
1,2,3-TRIHYDROXY-6,7-METHYLENEDIOXYXANTHONE
7-DEHYDROXY-4-DEMETHYLPODOPHYLLOTOXINC₂₁H₂₀O₇384.4 Da
POLYGALACIC-ACID
POLYGALAXANTHONE-A
POLYGALAXANTHONE-B
SAPONINSC₅₅H₈₆O₂₄1131.3 Da
STEROID-TERPENOIDS
XANTHONES

Data from PubChem (NIH/NLM, public domain).


References & Further Reading

External Research Links

Data Sources