Botanical Overview
Berro (Nasturtium officinale) is a flowering plant in the Brassicaceae family. Traditional medicine systems have documented several valuable applications for this species, supported by its observed therapeutic effects. The mustard family (Brassicaceae) includes herbs with alternate leaves and four-petaled flowers arranged in cross-like clusters. The fruits are typically elongated capsules called siliques. Most species produce glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, pungent sulfur-containing compounds with anticancer and antimicrobial properties.
General Description
Watercress or yellowcress is a species of aquatic flowering plant in the cabbage family, Brassicaceae.
Family Context
The Brassicaceae family is widely distributed in temperate regions. Notable medicinal members include:
- Radish — 63 documented uses
- Shepherd’s Purse — 49 documented uses
- Garden Cress — 39 documented uses
- Black Mustard — 27 documented uses
Geographic Distribution
Berro has been recorded in 10 countries and territories worldwide, including Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Spain, France, and others.
Traditional Uses
Berro has been traditionally used for digestive health, respiratory conditions, and skin and wound care, among other applications.
Digestive health.
- Vermifuge
For digestive complaints, the herb is typically prepared as a tea or decoction taken before meals. The bitter compounds stimulate digestive secretions and improve nutrient absorption. Some traditions use the powdered root or leaves in small doses as a stomachic tonic.
Respiratory conditions.
- Expectorant
- Asthma
- Cough
- Catarrh
Respiratory conditions are addressed through steam inhalation of the herb’s vapors or internal use as a warm tea. The hot infusion acts as an expectorant, helping to loosen phlegm and clear congestion. Some traditions combine it with honey for coughs.
Skin and wound care.
- Eczema
- Scabies
- Sore
For skin conditions, the fresh or dried plant is applied topically as a poultice, wash, or compress. A strong decoction can be used to clean wounds and sores. The antimicrobial properties help prevent infection while promoting tissue repair.
Active Compounds
Phytochemical research has identified 30 compounds in this species, including a diverse array of phytochemical classes (see the Complete Chemical Inventory below for the full list).
The identified compounds include the following categories:
- Alkaloid: nitrogenous compounds with diverse pharmacological activities