Botanical Overview
Alnus nepalensis is a species in the Betulaceae family. The birch family (Betulaceae) includes trees and shrubs with simple, alternate leaves with serrated margins and prominent stipules. The flowers are arranged in catkins, and the fruits are small nuts or samaras. The bark of many species contains phenolic compounds with antiseptic properties. Phytochemical data for this species are limited at present.
General Description
The tree is called Utis in Nepali and Nepalese alder in English. It is used in land reclamation, as firewood and for making charcoal.
Family Context
The Betulaceae family is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Notable medicinal members include:
- Alnus rubra — 20 documented uses
- Betula alba — 17 documented uses
- Cherry Birch — 16 documented uses
- Black Alder — 10 documented uses
Geographic Distribution
Alnus nepalensis has been recorded in 10 countries and territories worldwide, including Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Myanmar, and others.
Active Compounds
Phytochemical research has identified 2 compounds in this species: betulin, betulinic-acid.
Research Status
Although this species has documented phytochemical constituents, its ethnobotanical and clinical documentation remains incomplete. Additional phytochemical investigation could identify novel bioactive compounds in this plant.