Before we begin: Pruritus, or itchy skin, is tingling or irritation that makes you want to scratch the area. It’s a symptom of many health conditions. Learn the causes.
This tutorial walks you through everything you need to know about itching. We explain it in plain language, step by step, so whether you are a student, a patient, or simply curious, you will come away with a solid understanding.
We cover what it is, why it matters, how it is diagnosed, and what you can do about it. Key facts are called out along the way.
What is itching?
Itching is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch your skin. Sometimes it can feel like pain, but it is different. Often, you feel itchy in one area in your body, but sometimes you may feel itching all over. Along with the itching, you may also have a rash or hives.
What causes itching? Itching is a symptom of many health conditions. Some common causes are:
Allergic reactions to food, insect bites, pollen, and medicines
Skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and dry skin
Irritating chemicals, cosmetics, and other substances
Parasites such as pinworms, scabies, head and body lice
Pregnancy
Liver, kidney, or thyroid diseases
Certain cancers or cancer treatments
Diseases that can affect the nervous system, such as diabetes and shingles
What are the treatments for itching? Most itching is not serious. To feel better, you could try:
Applying cold compresses
Using moisturizing lotions
Taking lukewarm or oatmeal baths
Using over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream or antihistamines
Avoiding scratching, wearing irritating fabrics, and exposure to high heat and humidity
Contact your health care provider if your itching is severe, does not go away after a few weeks, or does not have an apparent cause. You may need other treatments, such as medicines or light therapy. If you have an underlying disease that is causing the itching, treating that disease may help.
Also known as: Pruritus.
Related topics: Pruritus.
Categories: Infections, Skin, Hair and Nails, Symptoms.
Source: National Institutes of Health — National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.
Key Takeaways
Understanding itching is an important part of taking charge of your health. Here is what to remember:
- Know the signs — Recognizing early symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.
- Talk to your provider — If you have concerns or a family history of this condition, bring it up at your next checkup.
- Stay informed — Medical knowledge evolves. Keep learning and asking questions.
- You are not alone — Many people deal with this condition. Support groups and educational resources can help.