Before we begin: If you are being tested for Type 2 diabetes, your doctor gives you an A1C test. The test is also used to monitor your A1C levels.
This tutorial walks you through everything you need to know about a1c. We explain it in plain language, step by step, so whether you are a student, a patient, or simply curious, you will come away with a solid understanding.
We cover what it is, why it matters, how it is diagnosed, and what you can do about it. Key facts are called out along the way.
A1C is a blood test for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. It measures your average blood glucose, or blood sugar, level over the past 3 months. Doctors may use the A1C alone or in combination with other diabetes tests to make a diagnosis. They also use the A1C to see how well you are managing your diabetes. This test is different from the blood sugar checks that people with diabetes do every day.
Your A1C test result is given in percentages. The higher the percentage, the higher your blood sugar levels have been:
A normal A1C level is below 5.7%
Prediabetes is between 5.7 to 6.4%. Having prediabetes is a risk factor for getting type 2 diabetes. People with prediabetes may need retests every year.
Type 2 diabetes is above 6.5%
If you have diabetes, you should have the A1C test at least twice a year. The A1C goal for many people with diabetes is below 7. It may be different for you. Ask what your goal should be. If your A1C result is too high, you may need to change your diabetes care plan.
NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Also known as: Glycohemoglobin, HbA1C, Hemoglobin A1C test.
Related topics: Hemoglobin A1c.
Categories: Diagnostic Tests, Diabetes Mellitus.
Source: National Institutes of Health — National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Key Takeaways
Understanding a1c is an important part of taking charge of your health. Here is what to remember:
- Know the signs — Recognizing early symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.
- Talk to your provider — If you have concerns or a family history of this condition, bring it up at your next checkup.
- Stay informed — Medical knowledge evolves. Keep learning and asking questions.
- You are not alone — Many people deal with this condition. Support groups and educational resources can help.