Malathion (2 brand names, 1 dosage form, 1 route)
Available dosage forms: LOTION.
Routes of administration: TOPICAL.
Brand Names
- MALATHION
- OVIDE
Indications and Usage
Malathion lotion is indicated for patients infected with Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice and their ova) of the scalp hair.
Dosage and Administration
Apply malathion lotion on DRYhair in amount just sufficient to thoroughly wet the hair and scalp. Pay particular attention to the back of the head and neck while applying malathion lotion. Wash hands after applying to scalp. Allow hair to dry naturally - use no electric heat source, and allow hair to remain uncovered. After 8 to 12 hours, the hair should be shampooed. Rinse and use a fine - toothed (nit) comb to remove dead lice and eggs. If lice are still present after 7 - 9 days, repeat with a second application of malathion lotion. Further treatment is generally not necessary. Other family members should be evaluated by a physician to determine if infested, and if so, receive treatment.
Contraindications
Malathion lotion is contraindicated for neonates and infants because their scalps are more permeable and may have increased absorption of malathion. Malathion lotion should also not be used on individuals known to be sensitive to malathion or any of the ingredients in the vehicle.
Adverse Reactions
Malathion has been shown to be irritating to the skin and scalp. Other adverse reactions reported are chemical burns including second-degree burns. Accidental contact with the eyes can result in mild conjunctivitis. It is not known if malathion lotion has the potential to cause contact allergic sensitization.
Overdosage
Consideration should be given, as part of the treatment program, to the high concentration of isopropyl alcohol in the vehicle. Malathion, although a weaker cholinesterase inhibitor than some other organophosphates, may be expected to exhibit the same symptoms of cholinesterase depletion after accidental ingestion orally. If accidentally swallowed, vomiting should be induced promptly or the stomach lavaged with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution. Severe respiratory distress is the major and most serious symptom of organophosphate poisoning requiring artificial respiration, and atropine may be needed to counteract the symptoms of cholinesterase depletion. Repeat analyses of serum and RBC cholinesterase may assist in establishing the diagnosis and formulating a long - range prognosis.