Hyaluronidase-Nvhy (1 brand name, 1 dosage form, 2 routes)
Available dosage forms: INJECTABLE.
Routes of administration: INJECTION, SUBCUTANEOUS.
Brand Names
- OPDIVO QVANTIG
Contraindications
None.
Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling. •Severe and Fatal Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] •Complications of Allogeneic HSCT [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]
Mechanism of Action
Binding of the PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, to the PD-1 receptor found on T cells, inhibits T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. Upregulation of PD-1 ligands occurs in some tumors and signaling through this pathway can contribute to inhibition of active T-cell immune surveillance of tumors. Nivolumab is a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that binds to the PD-1 receptor and blocks its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2, releasing PD-1 pathway-mediated inhibition of the immune response, including the anti-tumor immune response. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, blocking PD-1 activity resulted in decreased tumor growth. Hyaluronan is a polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix of the subcutaneous tissue. It is depolymerized by the naturally occurring enzyme hyaluronidase. Unlike the stable structural components of the interstitial matrix, hyaluronan has a half-life of approximately 0.5 days. Hyaluronidase increases permeability of the subcutaneous tissue by temporarily depolymerizing hyaluronan. In the doses administered, hyaluronidase in OPDIVO QVANTIG acts transiently and locally. The effects of hyaluronidase are reversible and permeability of the subcutaneous tissue is restored within 24 to 48 hours.