Dexamethasone (25 brand names, 11 dosage forms, 6 routes)
Available dosage forms: TABLET, ELIXIR, SUSPENSION, SUSPENSION/DROPS, INSERT, OINTMENT, IMPLANT, AEROSOL, GEL, CONCENTRATE, SOLUTION.
Routes of administration: ORAL, INTRAOCULAR, OPHTHALMIC, OTIC, INTRAVITREAL, TOPICAL.
Brand Names
- AEROSEB-DEX
- CIPRODEX
- CIPROFLOXACIN AND DEXAMETHASONE
- DECADERM
- DECADRON
- DECASPRAY
- DEXACIDIN
- DEXAMETHASONE
- DEXAMETHASONE INTENSOL
- DEXASPORIN
- DEXONE 0.5
- DEXONE 0.75
- DEXONE 1.5
- DEXONE 4
- DEXTENZA
- DEXYCU KIT
- HEMADY
- HEXADROL
- MAXIDEX
- MAXITROL …and 5 more
Contraindications
Systemic fungal infections (see WARNINGS: Fungal Infections ) and in patients who are hypersensitive to any components of these products.
Adverse Reactions
(Listed alphabetically, under each subsection) The following adverse reactions have been reported with dexamethasone or other corticosteroids:
Drug Interactions
Aminoglutethimide: Aminoglutethimide may diminish adrenal suppression by corticosteroids. Amphotericin B injection and potassium-depleting agents: When corticosteroids are administered concomitantly with potassium-depleting agents (e.g., amphotericin B, diuretics), patients should be observed closely for development of hypokalemia. In addition, there have been cases reported in which concomitant use of amphotericin B and hydrocortisone was followed by cardiac enlargement and congestive heart failure. Antibiotics: Macrolide antibiotics have been reported to cause a significant decrease in corticosteroid clearance (see Drug Interactions: CYP 3A4 Inducers , CYP 3A4 Inhibitors, and CYP 3A4 Substrates ). Anticholinesterases: Concomitant use of anticholinesterase agents and corticosteroids may produce severe weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis. If possible, anticholinesterase agents should be withdrawn at least 24 hours before initiating corticosteroid therapy. Anticoagulants, oral: Co-administration of corticosteroids and warfarin usually results in inhibition of response to warfarin, although there have been some conflicting reports. Therefore, coagulation indices should be monitored frequently to maintain the desired anticoagulant effect. Antidiabetics: Because corticosteroids may increase blood glucose concentrations, dosage adjustments of antidiabetic agents may be required. Antitubercular drugs: Serum concentrations of isoniazid may be decreased. Cholestyramine: Cholestyramine may increase the clearance of corticosteroids. Cyclosporine: Increased activity of both cyclosporine and corticosteroids may occur when the two are used concurrently. Convulsions have been reported with this concurrent use. Dexamethasone suppression test (DST): False-negative results in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in patients being treated with indomethacin have been reported. Thus, results of the DST should be interpreted with caution in these patients. Digitalis glycosid
Overdosage
Treatment of overdosage is by supportive and symptomatic therapy. In the case of acute overdosage, according to the patient’s condition, supportive therapy may include gastric lavage or emesis.