Allopurinol Sodium (2 brand names, 1 dosage form, 1 route)
Available dosage forms: INJECTABLE.
Routes of administration: INJECTION.
Brand Names
- ALLOPURINOL SODIUM
- ALOPRIM
Related Health Topics
Indications and Usage
Allopurinol Sodium for Injection is indicated for the management of adult and pediatric patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumor malignancies who are receiving cancer therapy which causes elevations of serum and urinary uric acid levels and who cannot tolerate oral therapy.
Contraindications
Allopurinol Sodium for Injection is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe reaction to any formulation of allopurinol.
Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Skin Rash and Hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Renal Function Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Hepatoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Drowsiness [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
Drug Interactions
Clinically important interactions with the drugs listed below were observed in patients undergoing treatment with an oral allopurinol formulation.
Mechanism of Action
Allopurinol is a structural analogue of the natural purine base, hypoxanthine. Allopurinol and its oxypurinol metabolite inhibitor xanthine oxidase, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, the end product of purine metabolism in humans. Allopurinol does not disrupt the biosynthesis of purines. The action of oral allopurinol differs from that of uricosuric agents, which lower the serum uric acid level by increasing urinary excretion of uric acid. Allopurinol reduces both the serum and urinary uric acid levels by inhibiting the formation of uric acid. The use of allopurinol to block the formation of urates avoids the hazard of increased renal excretion of uric acid posed by uricosuric drugs.
Overdosage
In the management of overdosage, there is no specific antidote for Allopurinol Sodium for Injection. Both allopurinol and oxypurinol are dialyzable; however, the usefulness of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis in the management of an overdose of Allopurinol Sodium for Injection is unknown.