Alemtuzumab (2 brand names, 2 dosage forms, 2 routes)
Available dosage forms: VIAL, INJECTABLE.
Routes of administration: INTRAVENOUS, INJECTION.
Brand Names
- CAMPATH
- LEMTRADA
Indications and Usage
CAMPATH is indicated as a single agent for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).
Contraindications
None.
Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the label: Cytopenias [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Infusion-Related Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Immunosuppression/Infections [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
Drug Interactions
No formal drug interaction studies have been performed with CAMPATH.
Mechanism of Action
CAMPATH binds to CD52, an antigen present on the surface of B and T lymphocytes, a majority of monocytes, macrophages, NK cells, and a subpopulation of granulocytes. A proportion of bone marrow cells, including some CD34+ cells, express variable levels of CD52. The proposed mechanism of action is antibody-dependent cellular-mediated lysis following cell surface binding of CAMPATH to the leukemic cells.
Overdosage
Across all clinical experience, the reported maximum single dose received was 90 mg. Bone marrow aplasia, infections, or severe infusion-related reactions occurred in patients who received a dose higher than recommended. One patient who received an 80 mg dose intravenously experienced acute bronchospasm, cough, and dyspnea, followed by anuria and death. Another patient received two 90 mg doses intravenously one day apart during the second week of treatment and experienced a rapid onset of bone marrow aplasia. There is no known specific antidote for CAMPATH overdosage. Discontinue CAMPATH and provide supportive therapy.