Sanskrit Verse
विंशतिः शस्त्राणि।
— (Sushruta Samhita, Sutrasthana 8/3)
Explanation
Shastras are the sharp surgical instruments used for procedures like cutting, piercing, and scraping. Sushruta described 20 main types of Shastras, such as Mandalagra (round-headed knife), Vriddhipatra (razor), and Kushapatra (lancet). He gave detailed instructions on their construction, sharpness, and handling.
Clinical Importance
This is the basis of Ayurvedic surgical practice (Shalya Karma). The precision and variety of these instruments show the high level of surgical skill and anatomical knowledge that existed.